The survival rate of experimental animals was 100%.
The researchers used the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells derived from rhesus monkeys to prepare 3D bioprint inks, and used the self-developed 3D biovascular printer to construct biologically active blood vessels and replaced them with a length of two centimeters in the rhesus monkey. The abdominal aorta. After continuous monitoring and observation for several months, the 3D bioprinted blood vessels are not only fully integrated with the rhesus monkey’s own abdominal aorta, but also the structure and function of the blood vessels are exactly the same as those of the rhesus monkey’s own aorta.
The reporter saw at the Center for Regenerative Medicine of West China Hospital that five days after surgery, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiated into endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and other vascular tissues. Seven days after surgery, 3D bioprinted blood vessels and rhesus monkeys The arteries began to fuse; one month after surgery, the 3D bioprinted blood vessels were completely integrated with the rhesus monkey’s own abdominal aorta.
Up to now, researchers have carried out 3D bioprinting in vivo implantation experiments on 30 rhesus monkeys, and the survival rate of experimental animals is 100%. The observation of implanted vascular function was observed from 1 day after implantation to a maximum of 100 days, and no abnormalities were found in various physiological indexes.
Experts say that the main value of this outcome is not to create a blood vessel, but rather to provide a means of supplying vascular cells and various active substances by firing a blood vessel. This method is useful for vascularization in the future. It is useful to fight the real liver. It is also useful to fight the kidneys. It is useful to play other things. This is its value.

The appearance is very similar to ordinary artificial blood vessels. Bio-ink is the key
CCTV reporters saw in the laboratory of animal experiments that the appearance of blood vessels in 3D bioprints is similar to that of ordinary artificial blood vessels, but in fact the bio-ink composed of “bio-bricks” is the most important part of the core. The so-called “bio-brick” is actually a precise stem cell culture system with biomimetic function. In less than two hours, the 3D bioprinted blood vessels were implanted into the rhesus monkey. At the same time, researchers will conduct long-term monitoring of various data indicators for rhesus monkeys that have already undergone vascular implantation.
According to the researchers, such ultrasound testing is done almost every two weeks to monitor whether there are thrombi in the implanted 3D biological blood vessels, and the integration of newly implanted blood vessels and the blood vessels of the animals themselves. After a period of in vivo growth, the researchers will again remove the implanted blood vessels from the animal and study the growth of the 3D bioprinted blood vessels in the animal.

3D bioprinted blood vessels will be declared clinical
Studies have shown that cardiovascular mortality is far higher than cancer and AIDS, and is the number one killer of human health. Among them, the market demand for vascular stents and artificial blood vessel replacement is huge.
Experts said that after the successful experiment of 3D bioprinting vascular animals, the research team will apply for clinical trials from relevant regulatory agencies. This achievement is not only expected to bring new hope to nearly 1.8 billion patients with cardiovascular diseases, but also to the clinical application of stem cell technology.